What does the crankcase house in an engine?

The crankcase serves as the lower part of an engine and is specifically designed to house the crankshaft. The crankshaft is a crucial component as it converts the linear motion of the pistons into rotational motion, which ultimately drives the vehicle's wheels. The crankcase also contains lubricating oil, which is necessary for reducing friction between moving parts, maintaining temperature, and ensuring proper engine function.

While the crankcase may be involved with the pistons and connecting rods, they do not reside within it; rather, they operate in their respective cylinders above the crankcase. Similarly, the cylinder walls are part of the engine structure but are not housed within the crankcase. Lastly, the intake and exhaust valves are located in the cylinder head, which is separate from the crankcase. Therefore, the correct association of the crankcase is with the crankshaft, making it the essential component housed within this part of the engine.